What does the term "hypoxemia" refer to?

Hypoxemia specifically refers to abnormally low levels of oxygen in the blood. This condition is significant because adequate oxygenation is essential for cellular metabolism and overall physiological function. When oxygen levels drop below the normal range, tissues and organs may not receive the oxygen they need, leading to various health complications.

Understanding the distinction between hypoxemia and related terms helps clarify this concept. For example, elevated levels of carbon dioxide indicate hypercapnia, not hypoxemia, and normal oxygen levels in the blood signify healthy respiratory function, which is the opposite of hypoxemia. An increased respiratory rate may be a compensatory mechanism in response to hypoxemia but does not define it.

Thus, hypoxemia is a specific term used to describe low oxygen levels in the blood, making it crucial to recognize when diagnosing and treating patients with respiratory issues.