What is the hallmark sign of an asthma attack?

The hallmark sign of an asthma attack is characterized by shortness of breath and wheezing. During an asthma attack, the airways become inflamed, leading to constriction and narrowing, which makes it difficult for air to pass through. This constriction results in the typical wheezing sound, which occurs when air flows through the narrowed spaces in the bronchi and bronchioles. Shortness of breath is also a prominent symptom due to the obstructed airflow, causing the individual to feel as though they are unable to breathe adequately.

This combination of symptoms—shortness of breath and wheezing—indicates the body's response to asthma triggers, which can include allergens, respiratory infections, or physical activity. Recognizing these signs is crucial for prompt treatment, as they signal that the airway passage is severely compromised and requires immediate management.

The other options do not accurately reflect the key features of an asthma attack. Dry cough can occur, but it is not sufficient on its own to identify an asthma attack. Severe chest pain is more indicative of other respiratory or cardiac conditions rather than asthma. Persistent fever may suggest an infection but is not a typical sign of asthma, which is primarily related to airway obstruction and inflammation.