What is the primary concern with a pulmonary embolism?

The primary concern with a pulmonary embolism is that it can obstruct blood flow and reduce oxygenation. A pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood clot, often originating in the deep veins of the legs, travels to the lungs and gets lodged in one of the pulmonary arteries. This blockage prevents blood from reaching parts of the lung where gas exchange occurs, which is critical for oxygenating the blood.

When blood flow is obstructed, the affected lung tissue cannot participate in oxygenation. This leads to hypoxemia, a state of low blood oxygen levels, which can result in inadequate oxygen delivery to the body’s organs and tissues. Additionally, depending on the size of the embolism and how many pulmonary arteries are blocked, it can severely impact the overall cardiovascular function and may lead to shock or even death.

Other concerns related to pulmonary embolism may include its effects on respiratory function; however, the most immediate problem is the obstruction of blood flow. Understanding the pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism helps reinforce its seriousness and the need for prompt diagnosis and treatment.