What is the typical treatment for an acute asthma exacerbation?

In the context of an acute asthma exacerbation, the typical treatment focuses on rapidly alleviating bronchospasm and reducing inflammation in the airways. This is effectively achieved with bronchodilators and corticosteroids.

Bronchodilators, like albuterol, are short-acting β2-adrenergic agonists that work quickly to relax and open the airways, providing immediate relief of symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. Their rapid onset makes them essential for acute management.

Corticosteroids are important as they help to reduce inflammation in the airways, which is a significant component of an asthma exacerbation. Administering corticosteroids during an acute episode can help in stabilizing the situation and preventing further deterioration. They do not act immediately like bronchodilators, but they address the underlying inflammatory process.

Combining these two classes of medications provides a comprehensive approach to managing an acute exacerbation, addressing both the symptoms and the inflammatory component of asthma.

In contrast, the other choices do not adequately address the immediate needs of a patient experiencing an acute asthma episode. Antibiotics and antihistamines do not target the primary issues present during an exacerbation. Inhaled steroids alone are not sufficient during an acute